UNIX Operating System

Founding and History
Project operating system Multics: failure with positive consequences
The appearance of the first edition of UNIX
Research UNIX
The first transfer of UNIX
Seventh edition
The emergence of the group of the University of Berkeley (BSD)
UNIX System III and the first commercial version of the system
AT & T System V Release 2 and Release 3
Basic concepts UNIX operating systems and basic system calls
Basic Concepts
User
User interface
Privileged User
Programs
Commands
Processes
I / O Redirection
The kernel of UNIX
The overall organization of the traditional UNIX kernel
Basic functions
Principles of interaction with the kernel
Principles interrupt
File system
The file system structure
Mounted file system
The interface with the file system
Species files
Regular files
Files directories
Special Files
Linking files with different names
Named Software Channels
Files are displayed in virtual memory
Synchronization with parallel access to files
Principles of protection
The user IDs and user groups
File Protection
Device Management
The device as a special file
Device Drivers
Internal and external device interfaces
The base of the networking activities
Streams (Streams)
The protocol stack TCP / IP
Software socket (Sockets)
Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
Distributed File System
Network File System (NFS)
Sharing deleted files (RFS)
The main functions and components of the core UNIX operating system
Memory Management
Virtual memory
Hardware-independent level memory management
Page replacement of main memory and swapping
Management processes and threads
Custom components and nuclear processes
Principles of organization of a multi-user mode
The traditional mechanism for process control at the user level
The concept of the thread (threads)
The approaches to the organization and management of threads in different versions of UNIX
I / O control
The principles of system buffering I / O
The system calls for I / O control
Block drivers
Character drivers
Streaming drivers
Interaction Process
Shared Memory
Semaphores
Message Queues
Software Channels
Software sockets (sockets)
Streams (streams)
Mobile Programming in the UNIX environment
Standard libraries
Library system calls
I / O library
Additional libraries
Header Files
Mobility at the source
Features of mobile programming in C
Ensuring the independence of the features of OS UNIX
Binary compatibility
Opportunities to achieve binary compatibility
Advantages and Limitations
Traditional means of an interactive user interface
Command languages \u200b\u200band shells
General characteristics of command languages
Basic features of family shells
Bourne-shell
C-shell
Korn-shell
Commands and Utilities
The organization team of UNIX
I / O redirection and organization of the conveyor
Built-in, library and custom commands
Programming command language
GUI tools
The X Window System as a basic means of graphical user interfaces in UNIX OS environment
General organization X-Window
The client and server
Basic Library
Development Tools GUIs
Package Motif
The language and the interpreter Tcl / Tk
The current state of UNIX
UNIX System V Release 4 and UnixWare
Systems based on System V Release 4
Solaris at Sun Microsystems
HP / UX of Hewlett-Packard, DG / UX of Data General, AIX, IBM
Santa Cruz Operation and SCO UNIX
Open Software Foundation and OSF-1
Free and commercial versions of UNIX BSD family
Other open-source versions of UNIX
Linux University of Helsinki